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Mid-Infrared Variability from the Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey

机译:斯皮策深度,宽视野调查的中红外变化

摘要

We use the multi-epoch, mid-infrared Spitzer Deep, Wide-Field Survey toinvestigate the variability of 474,179 objects in 8.1 deg^2 of the NDWFS Bootesfield. We perform a Difference Image Analysis of the four available epochsbetween 2004 and 2008, focusing on the deeper 3.6 and 4.5 micron bands. We findthat 1.1% of the studied sample meet our standard selection criteria for beingclassed as a variable source. We require that the 3.6 and 4.5 micronlight-curves are strongly correlated (r>0.8) and that their joint varianceexceeds that for all sources with the same magnitude by 2 sigma. We thenexamine the mid-IR colors of the variable sources and match them with X-raysources from the XBootes survey, radio catalogs, 24 micron-selected AGNcandidates, and spectroscopically identified AGNs from the AGN and GalaxyEvolution Survey (AGES). Based on their mid-IR colors, most of the variablesources are AGNs (76%), with smaller contributions from stars (11%), galaxies(6%), and unclassified objects. Most of the stellar, galaxy and unclassifiedsources are false positives. For our standard selection criteria, 11-12% of themid-IR counterparts to X-ray sources, 24 micron-selected AGN candidates andspectroscopically identified AGNs show variability. Mid-IR AGN variability canbe well described by a single power-law structure function with a power-lawindex of 0.5 at both 3.6 and 4.5 microns, and an amplitude of 0.1 mag onrest-frame time scales of 2 years. The variability amplitude is higher forshorter rest-frame wavelengths and lower luminosities. (Abridged)
机译:我们使用多时期,中红外Spitzer深度,广域调查来调查NDWFS Bootesfield的8.1度^ 2中的474,179个对象的变异性。我们对2004年至2008年之间的四个可用时期进行了差异图像分析,重点是更深的3.6和4.5微米波段。我们发现,有1.1%的研究样本符合我们的标准选择标准,被归类为可变来源。我们要求3.6和4.5的微光曲线具有高度相关性(r> 0.8),并且它们的联合方差必须超过所有幅度相同的2σ光源。然后,我们检查可变源的中红外颜色,并将其与XBootes调查的X射线源,无线电目录,24微米选择的AGN候选物以及由AGN和GalaxyEvolution调查(AGES)光谱鉴定的AGN进行匹配。根据其中红外颜色,大多数可变源是AGN(占76%),来自恒星(占11%),星系(占6%)和未分类物体的贡献较小。大多数恒星,星系和未分类来源都是假阳性。对于我们的标准选择标准,与X射线源对应的中红外对应物,24微米选择的AGN候选物和经光谱鉴定的AGN具有11-12%的变异性。中红外AGN的变异性可以通过一个单一的幂律结构函数很好地描述,在3.6和4.5微米处的幂律指数均为0.5,振幅为2年的0.1 mag onrest-frame时间尺度。对于较短的静止帧波长和较低的发光度,可变性幅度较高。 (简略)

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